Особливості емоційного стану жінок при різних типах материнського ставлення

Abstract

У статті представлено результати оцінки емоційного стану жінок при різних типах материнського ставлення. Комплексне психодіагностичне обстеження з використанням адекватних методик тестування дозволило визначити ознаки депресивного стану, ситуативної та особистісної тривожності, а також рівня невротизації жінок при сформованому, тривожному та ігноруючому типах їх материнського ставлення. The review of the current state of scientific development of the issue of motherhood makes it possible to conclude that its phenomenology is multi-component and its components should be studied in the concept of individuallytypological features of a mother’s personality. Motherhood is one of the leading social female roles; social norms and values have a decisive influence on the manifestation of the maternal attitude towards a child. The emotional state of a mother is significantly affected by the psycho-physiological development of a child, which is why the studying of the peculiarities of mental and emotional state of women with different types of their attitude towards their children is particularly relevant and appropriate. The selection of adequate methods of psychological testing for the empirical study of the maternal attitude type (test “Figures” by V. Brutman, G. Filippova and I. Khamitova) and the peculiarities of mental and emotional state of mothers according to the symptoms of depression (questionnaire by A. Beck), indicators of situational and personal anxiety (scale by Ch. Spielberger & Yu. Khanin) and the level of neuroticism (express-diagnostics of neuroticism by K. Kheck and Kh. Khess), has been performed. The study involved 81 women (mothers). The interpretation of the results according to the questionnaire by A. Beck (aiming to reveal the state of depression in women) has shown that 31 mothers (38%) are in the state of deep depression, 42 women (52%) are characterized by minor signs of depression, and 8 women (10%) are characterized by normal state. The analysis of the obtained results has shown the following: the low level of situational and personal anxiety was determined in 17% of mothers and 15%, respectively; the moderate level of situational and personal anxiety was revealed in 52% and 53% of the surveyed, respectively; the high level of situational and personal anxiety was determined in 31% and 32% of mothers, respectively. The results obtained by means of the express-diagnostics of neuroticism by K. Kheck and Kh. Khess have revealed the following: the vast majority of mothers have the high level of neuroticism (55 women, which is 68%); 26 women (32%) have the low level of neuroticism.